From fossil to flexible꞉ Advancing India’s road transport electrification

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Ember Report - From fossil to flexible: advancing India’s road transport electrification

Methodology

To estimate the growth of EV sales over the years, we analysed data from the Vahan Dashboard and studied various electric vehicle (EV) specific schemes and state EV policies.

For state selection, we adopted the following approach: Collected data for state-wise EV sales in FY2025, based on that, picked the top 10 states for further analysis. In order to ensure regional representation, we chose Assam and Odisha in place of Kerala and Delhi, given that EV sales in all four states were in the same range.

To estimate the clean electricity supply for EV charging at the national and state-level, we used the following data collection and analysis path:

At the national level, we analysed the electricity generation mix data to determine the wind, hydro and solar share. For the selected states, we used the share of wind, hydro and solar in the procurement mix as a proxy for concluding how much of EV charging is through clean electricity. To collect the data on procurement mix, we referred to the state distribution tariff orders.

We referred to the state distribution tariff orders to understand the time-of-day tariff structure in the selected states.

Further to estimate the increase in the clean electricity requirement for EV charging as per the electricity planning, we collected and analysed data on electricity generation from different resources as per the 14th National Electricity Plan.

Acknowledgements

Contributors

My sincere gratitude to Chandana Sasidharan, Program Research Fellow at WRI India, for her valuable guidance throughout and in reviewing this report.

Special thanks to Tito Das, Sachin Sreejith, Kavya Sharma, and Ardhi Arsala Rahmani for editing and communication support, Neshwin Rodrigues, Euan Graham, Aditya Lolla and Richard Black for their valuable comments and insights. Thank you to Reynaldo Dizon and Jivan Zhen Thiru for their support in data visualisation.