India

27% of India’s electricity was generated from clean sources in 2025. It was the 3rd largest country by electricity demand.

India’s largest source of clean electricity was solar, meeting 9.4% of total demand in 2025. Wind and solar combined accounted for 14%. In 2025, India overtook France and Canada to become the world’s fourth largest clean electricity generator.

With fossil fuels accounting for 73% of generation in 2025, the power sector is India’s largest emissions contributor. Power sector emissions have grown over the last two decades due to the expansion of coal generation. Despite this, the country’s per capita emissions are well below the global average due to low per capita electricity use.

In 2024, coal met 61% of new electricity demand growth. By contrast, 2025 was a low-demand year, and all incremental demand was met from clean sources, with coal generation falling by 2.9%. This reflects a shift in which renewables are increasingly capturing a larger share of incremental demand.

As of March 2026, India was one of only ten countries planning to triple non-fossil generation capacity from 2022 levels by 2030. By December 2025, the country had achieved 258 GW of installed renewables capacity, making progress towards its 2030 goal of 500 GW. Ember analysis suggests that, under current plans, renewables would reach 42% of generation by 2030.

Coal mine methane in India

India is the second largest coal producer in the world, making it one of the world’s top coal mine methane emitters. The Ministry of Coal further plans to ramp up domestic coal production to meet growing energy demand and address energy security concerns. While India officially reported 796 kt of fugitive methane in 2020, the planned expansion is projected to double emissions by the end of the decade without any interventions.

By proactively strengthening policy on measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) and mitigation, the country could accurately quantify emissions and steer industry towards viable mitigation options aligning with national climate goals.