Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan generated 13% of its electricity from clean sources, below the global average of 39%.

Kazakhstan relied on fossil fuels for 87% of its electricity in 2023, falling only slightly from 90% in 2015. Its per capita emissions were more than two and a half times higher than the global average.

Kazakhstan’s largest clean electricity source is hydro (8%). Wind and solar are starting to play a role, reaching 5% of Kazakhstan’s electricity in 2023 – a significant increase from their near-zero share in 2015. However, this is still far below the global average (13%) and regional average for Asia (13%).

Over the last two decades, Kazakhstan’s electricity demand has more than doubled and so have its power sector emissions. The country continues to rely heavily on coal and gas to meet a large portion of this demand.