Europe Electrification Data

Summary

This dataset tracks how quickly electricity is replacing fossil fuels in final energy use across 29 European countries. It contains final energy consumption by sector and subsector, the share of electricity in that consumption, domestic heat pump sales and stock, electric vehicle deployment, and the fossil fuel use avoided by electrification.

Eurostat publishes complete annual energy balances 12–14 months after the end of each year. Ember combines provisional Eurostat energy balances with the latest national statistics to estimate final energy consumption for the most recent year, several months ahead of the official figures.

To compare countries and explore trends in charts, use the Europe Electrification Data Explorer.

Data structure

Europe Electrification Data (CSV)

One row per area, year, sector and fuel. Each row covers an area (COUNTRY_OR_REGION, with its ISO 3 code in COUNTRY_CODE), a year (YEAR, 2000 to 2025), a sector (SECTOR_NAME) and a fuel (FUEL). The file covers 29 countries – the 27 EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom – plus the EU. The EU is the sum of its 27 Member States and excludes Norway and the United Kingdom.

Values up to 2024 are data as reported in Eurostat’s energy balances, 2025 values are estimated based on Eurostat’s commodity balances. The source for the UK is the Digest of UK Energy Statistics (Dukes) and is the only source that has already published final values for 2025.

Sectors follow a two-level hierarchy. PARENT_SECTOR_NAME gives the sector each row adds up to, and is blank for All sectors. All sectors splits into Buildings, Industry, Transport and Other sectors:

• Buildings: Commercial and public services and Households
• Industry: Chemical and petrochemical, Construction, Food, beverages and tobacco, Iron and steel, Machinery, Non-metallic Minerals, Paper, pulp and printing and Other industry
• Transport: Rail, Road and Other transport
• Other sectors: Agriculture and forestry, Fishing and Unspecified other sectors

Sub-sectors stop in 2024. Commodity balances do not break consumption down below the parent sectors, so 2025 rows cover only All sectors and its four parent sectors. 

Fuels follow one common set. Coal, Gas, Oil, Other fossil, Electricity and Other, where Other covers renewables and heat. Annex I of the full methodology maps Eurostat’s fuels to this set.

Metrics are columns, not rows. CONSUMPTION_TWH is final energy consumption in terawatt hours. SHARE_OF_CONSUMPTION_PCT is that fuel’s share of the sector’s total final energy consumption, across all fuels, in the same sector and year. The SHARE_OF_CONSUMPTION_PCT for electricity is the sector’s electrification rate. Both columns are rounded to two decimal places. Shares are calculated before rounding, so in very small sectors they can differ from a share recalculated from the rounded consumption values.

Every fuel is listed for every sector. Each area, year and sector has a row for all seven fuels, and a fuel a sector does not use is zero.

Data coverage

29 countries. The 27 EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom, plus an EU-27 total. The countries covered are Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

Methodology

For the latest year, Ember estimates final energy consumption by combining provisional Eurostat commodity balances for oil, gas, solid fossil fuels/coal, renewables, electricity and heat with the latest national statistics, ahead of Eurostat’s complete balances. For all other years the data come either from Eurostat’s complete energy balances or from the UK’s Digest of Energy Statistics.

The data for heat pumps come from the European Heatpump Association’s data platform. Avoided gas is calculated by summing the direct gas heating and gas-fired electricity displaced by heat pumps, subtracting the additional gas burned to generate electricity to power those heat pumps, and converting the net savings into billion cubic meters (bcm).

For the data on electric vehicle sales and stock and the methodology for avoided oil from EV usage, please refer to Ember’s EV Sales Data Tracker. 

The “Advance estimates are flagged” paragraph is a recommendation, not just a placeholder. People citing the data need to tell Ember’s estimates apart from official figures, and a flag column lets them do that. If the files don’t have one yet, it’s worth adding.